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Discography and bibliography of the Athapaskan Indians of Southwestern Oregon
© 2010 Don Macnaughtan

Ethnographic Bibliographies no. 3

Introduction

Map of ethnic distribution in southwest Oregon
sw oregon villages


blue pinChinookan Oral Literature Bibliography
blue pinBibliography of Oregon Athapaskan Languages
blue pinIndian Languages of Western Oregon



This short discography lists and annotates all the known recordings in the languages of the Chetco, Shasta Costa, Tututni, Upper Umpqua, Upper Coquille, and Galice-Applegate peoples of Southwest Oregon. Most of these recordings are unique wax cylinders, acetate discs, or aluminum discs held in archives in Washington DC and Seattle. In many cases, tape recordings are available for tribal members and researchers. There is also an accompanying bibliography about these interesting and unusual people.

These people were Athapaskan Native Americans, who originally migrated into this area over two millennia ago from northern Canada and Siberia. They are a distinct group who probably arrived from Asia in a separate, later migration from most Native Americans. They are linguistic relatives to groups in Northern Canada and Siberia, as well as the Navajo and Apache in the Southwest. Their name for themselves - "Tunne" - is cognate with the Navajo "Dine." At some point, they split off from the southward migration of the Athapaskans, and settled into these remote pockets of land. How they found their way here is something of a mystery. Their descendants still live in Oregon today.



The Southwest Oregon Athapaskan Tribes

The Athapaskans who lived along the coast of southwest Oregon are collectively known as Chetco-Tututni, and were (from north to south):
    blue pin the kwatami tunne people on the New River, Floras Lake and the Sixes River (8 villages)
    blue pin the yukiche tunne people at Euchre Creek (1 village)
    blue pin the toto tunne, mikono tunne and cheme tunne people along the Lower Rogue River (22 villages)
    blue pin the chetleshin tunne on Pistol River (1 village)
    blue pin the kwaishtunne tunne on Lone Ranch Creek (1 village)
    blue pin the chedi tunne or Chetco along the Lower Chetco River (10 villages)

Athapaskans in the interior of southern Oregon were:

    blue pin the mishi kwutine tunne or Upper Coquille along the Coquille River (28 villages)
    blue pin the etnemi tunne or Upper Umpqua people in the Umpqua Valley (8 villages)
    blue pin the shista quista or Shasta Costa in the Rogue River Gorge (13 villages)
    blue pin the taldash tunne dade or Taltushtuntede along Galice Creek (2 villages)
    blue pin the dahkohbe dade or Dakubetede in the Applegate River Valley (18 villages)
    blue pin the gusla dade people in the lower Illinois River Valley (4 villages)

Immediately south of the Chetco were three groups of Tolowa Athapaskans in the far northwest coastal corner of California:
    blue pin the he nag gi living along the Lower Smith River (8 villages)
    blue pin the toli owa living around Lake Earl (4 villages)
    blue pin the ta ta tenne people at Elk Creek (1 village)

Discography
    blue pin Frachtenberg, Leo J. Tututni Indian Music. 1915. 14 wax cylinders. 2 10-inch tapes. 50min.
    • These recordings are held in the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress (cylinders no. 884-897, tape nos. AFS 18,471 and 22,169). The recordings were made at the end of 1915 from Billie Sampson, Bensell Orton, Hoxie Simmons, and Archie Johnson at Siletz. There are songs in the Galice Creek, Chasta Costa, and Tututni Athapaskan languages. In addition, cylinder no. 888 is in the Umpqua Athapaskan language from Jack West, August 1915. Thirteen of the songs by Hoxie Simmons have been dubbed to tape no. AFS 22,169, and 27 of the remaining songs are archived on tape no. AFS 18,471 (see the Archive of Folk Culture web site.) All the recordings are indexed in The Federal Cylinder Project: A Guide to Field Cylinder Collections in Federal Agencies, Volume 3. Ed. Judith A. Gray. Washington: American Folklife Center, 1988. 279-286.

    blue pin Golla, Victor K., and Ida Bensell. Vocabulary in Tututni from Ida Bensell, Siletz, Oregon. 1962. 27 min.
    • Audiotape recording (no. LA 143) in the Berkeley Language Center, University of California at Berkeley. The wordlist recording is of fair quality, and has extensive documentation.

    blue pin Jacobs, Melville, and Coquille Thompson. Upper Coquille Athabaskan Music and Texts. 1934. 21 acetate discs.
    • Recordings no. 14705-14725 in the Melville Jacobs Collection, University of Washington, Seattle.

    blue pin Jacobs, Melville, and Hoxie Simmons. Galice Creek Athabaskan Music and Texts. 1935. 16 acetate discs.
    • Recordings no. 14726-14729, 14740-14751 in the Melville Jacobs Collection, University of Washington, Seattle.

    blue pin Jacobs, Melville. Melville Jacobs Collection: Items 19-28, 43-46. 1975.
    • Seven audio cassettes of Coos and Athapaskan material from the Melville Jacobs Collection held at Southwest Oregon Community College Library, Coos Bay.

    blue pin Marr, John P., and Coquille Thompson. Upper Coquille Athabaskan Sound Recordings from Coquille Thompson. 1941. 34 aluminum discs.
    • Recordings no. 970-1003 in the John Peabody Harrington Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Washington DC. Tape recordings of this set were presented to the Coquille Indian Tribe by the President of the University of Oregon in May 1998.

    blue pin Marr, John P., and Hoxie Simmons. Galice Creek Athabaskan sound recordings from Hoxie Simmons. 1941. 20 aluminum discs.
    • Recordings no. 1097-1116 in the John Peabody Harrington Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Washington DC.

    blue pin Marr, John P., and Lucy Smith. Tolowa-Tututni Sound Recordings from Lucy Smith. 1941. 14 aluminum discs.
    • Recordings no. 1244-1257 in the John Peabody Harrington Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Washington DC.

    blue pin Metcalf, Leon V., and Hoxie Simmons. Tape Recording of Galice Creek Athabaskan Music from Hoxie Simmons at Siletz, Oregon. 1955.
    • Audiotape recording in the Anthropology Archives, Washington State Museum, Seattle.

    blue pin Pierce, Joe E., and Hoxie Simmons. Galice Creek Athabaskan Words and Phrases from Hoxie Simmons at Siletz, Oregon. 1962.
    • Audiotape recordings reputedly held at Portland State University, Portland. The tape has apparently gone missing in the last few years.

    blue pin Pierce, Joe E., and Ida Bensell. Tape recordings of Tututni Athabaskan from Ida Bensell at Siletz, Oregon. 1962.
    • Audiotape recordings held at Portland State University, Portland. Fate unknown.


photograph

Molly Carmichael and her mother Yannah Catfish.
These Tututni women, photographed around 1909,
are dressed in full ceremonial regalia, including
basketry hats, necklaces of dentalium, shell
and beads, and elaborate buckskin aprons
decorated with pine nuts, thimbles, and fringes.



Bibliography
    1. Beckham, Curt. "Eddie Ned: Gyppo Logger." Oregon Coast Apr./May 1988: 33. Print.

    2. - - -. "Indian Signal Pits and Meeting Places." Curry County Echoes Apr. 1980: 7. Print.

    3. Bommelyn, Loren, and Berneice Humphrey. Xus We-Yo: Tolowa (Tututni) Language Dictionary. 2nd ed. Crescent City: Tolowa Language Committee, 1989. 488p. Print.

    4. Dorsey, James O. "Tututni." Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Ed. Frederick W. Hodge. Washington: Bureau of American Ethnology, 1907. 857-858. Print.

    5. Drucker, Philip. The Tolowa and Their Southwest Oregon Kin. Berkeley: U of California Press, 1937. 78p. Print.

    6. Du Bois, Cora A. "Tolowa Notes." American Anthropologist 34 (1932): 248-262. Print.

    7. - - -. "The Wealth Concept as an Integrative Factor in Tolowa-Tututni Culture." Essays in Anthropology Presented to A. L. Kroeber. Ed. Julian Steward and Robert H. Lowie. Berkeley: U of California, 1936. 49-65. Print.

    8. Golla, Victor K. "Tututni (Oregon Athapascan)." International Journal of American Linguistics 42 (1976): 217-227. Print.

    9. Gould, Richard A. "Ecology and Adaptive Responses Among the Tolowa Indians of Northwestern California." Journal of California Anthropology 2 (1975): 148-170. Print. Rpt. in Native Californians: A Theoretical Retrospective. Ramona: Ballena Press, 1976. 49-78. Print.

    10. - - -. "Seagoing Canoes Among the Indians of Northwestern California." Ethnohistory 15 (1968): 11-42. Print.

    11. Gratch, Elizabeth. "Tututni." The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Ed. Sharon Malinowski and Anna Sheets. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 1998. 526-528. Print.

    12. Gray, Judith A., ed. "Tututni and Upper Umpqua Indian Music: The Leo Joachim Frachtenberg Collection." The Federal Cylinder Project: A Guide to Field Cylinder Collections in Federal Agencies. Vol. 3. Washington: American Folklife Center, 1988. 279-286. Print.

    13. Hall, Roberta L., and Don A. Hall. "The Village at the Mouth of the Coquille River: Historical Questions of Who, When and Where." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 82.3 (1991): 101-108. Print.

    14. Hahn, Barbara. "Forest Service Researches Ancient Designs on Stones: The Artifacts Provide Insights Into the Spiritual Beliefs of Prehistoric Tribes." Register-Guard 25 Sept. 1994: 8C. Print.

    15. Hildebrandt, William R. "Native Hunting Adaptations on the North Coast of California." Diss. U of California at Davis, 1981. 221p. Print.

    16. Hoijer, Harry. "Athapaskan Languages of the Pacific Coast." Culture in History: Essays in Honor of Paul Radin. Ed. Stanley Diamond. New York: Columbia UP, 1960. 960-976. Print.

    17. - - -. "The Chronology of the Athapaskan Languages." International Journal of American Linguistics 22 (1956): 219-232. Print.

    18. - - -. "Galice Athapaskan: A Grammatical Sketch." International Journal of American Linguistics 32 (1966): 320-327. Print.

    19. - - -. "Galice Noun and Verb Stems." Linguistics 104 (1973): 49-73. Print.

    20. Huntley, Jeremiah. "A Scout to Rogue River in 1856." Curry County Echoes June 1975: 5-8. Print.

    21. Jacobs, Elizabeth D. "A Chetco Athabaskan Myth Text from Southwestern Oregon." International Journal of American Linguistics 34 (1968): 192-193. Print.

    22. - - -. "A Chetco Athapaskan Text and Translation." International Journal of American Linguistics 43 (1977): 269-273. Print.

    23. Landar, Herbert J. "Three Rogue River Athapaskan Vocabularies." International Journal of American Linguistics 43 (1977): 289-301. Print.

    24. Miller, Jay, and William R. Seaburg. "Athapaskans of Southwestern Oregon." Handbook of North American Indians: Northwest Coast. Ed. Wayne Suttles. Vol. 7. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. 580-588. Print.

    25. Moss, Madonna L., and George B. Wasson. "Intimate Relations with the Past: The Story of an Athapaskan Village on the Southern Northwest Coast of North America." World Archaeology 29 (1998): 317-332. Print.

    26. Pierce, Joe E., and James M. Ryherd. "The Status of Athapaskan Research in Oregon." International Journal of American Linguistics 30 (1964): 137-143. Print.

    27. Pilling, James C. Bibliography of the Athapascan Languages. Washington: GPO, 1892. 125p. Print.

    28. Sapir, Edward. Notes on Chasta Costa Phonology and Morphology. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania Museum, 1914. 69p. Print.

    29. Tasa, Guy L. "Skeletal and Dental Variation of Pacific Coast Athapaskans: Implications for Oregon Prehistory and Peopling of the New World." Diss. U of Oregon, 1997. 464p. Print.

    30. Walsh, Frank K. Indian Battles Along the Rogue River, 1855-56. North Bend: Te-Cum-Tom, 1972. 28p. Print.


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